English


 * ENGLISH COLLECTION**

[|THE ALPHABET]
[|Abc Practice]
 * A(ei) || Bi || Ci || Di || E(i) || eF || G(lli) ||
 * H(eich) || I(ai) || J(llei) || Key || eL || eM || eN ||
 * Ou || Pi || Q(kiu) || aR || eS || Ti || iU ||
 * Vi || W(dabliu) || X(exz) || Y(guay) || Zi/et ||  ||   ||

[|ORDINAL NUMBERS]
10000 ten thoussand 100000 a hundred thousand || 10000000 ten million 100000000 a hundred million || 10000000000 ten billion 100000000000 a hundred billion || (From 13 to 19 are considered teen family) (from 20 to 90 are considered ty family) (from 100 to 900 are considered hundred family)
 * 1 one || 11 eleven ||  || 100 one hundred || 1000 one thousand
 * 2 two || 12 twelve || 20 twenty || 200 two hundred || 1000000 one million
 * 3 three || 13 thirteen || 30 thirty || 300 three hundred || 1000000000 one billion
 * 4 four || 14 fourteen || 40 forty || 400 four hundred || 1000000000000 one trillion ||
 * 5 five || 15 fifteen || 50 fifty || 500 five hundred ||  ||
 * 6 six || 16 sixteen || 60 sixty || 600 six hundred ||  ||
 * 7 seven || 17 seventeen || 70 seventy || 700 seven hundred ||  ||
 * 8 eight || 18 eighteen || 80 eighty || 800 eight hundred ||  ||
 * 9 nine || 19 nineteen || 90 ninety || 900 nine hundred ||  ||
 * 10 ten ||  ||   ||   ||   ||

General quantity: hundreds, thousands, millions, billions, trillions. Example: thousands of people, millions of cars. == = PRONOUNS =

You He She It We You They || My Your His Her Its Our Your Their || Mine Yours His Hers Its Ours Yours Theirs || Me You Him Her It Us You Them || Myself Yourself Himself Herself Itself Ourselves Yourselves Themselves ||
 * [|**Subject**] || [|**Adjective**] || [|**Possessive**] || [|**Object**] || [|**Reflexive**] ||
 * I
 * **__I am__** a student || Your are **__my friend__** || The red car **__is mine__** || Mary **__loves me__** || I study **__by myself__** ||

[|SENTENCES] (S + V + C)

Each sentence is composed of subject pronoun (S), verb (V) and complement or predicate (C). There are three kind of sentences:

Affirmative (+): I am a student. Rose studies English. My brothers can speak English.

Negative (-): I am not a student. Rose doesn’t study English. My brothers can’t speak English.

Interrogative (?) Are you a student at ESPE?
 * **1. YES/NO**

Word What Where When, what time Why Which Who Whose || **Short Answers:** Yes, I am. No, I am not
 * 2. WH – QUESTION WORDS**

Meaning Things, profession, jobs Places Time Reason Selection People Possession || **Long Answers:** Yes, I am a student at ESPE. No, I am not a student at ESPE. No, I am a teacher at ESPE Examples What is your name? Where are you from? When is your birthday? Why are you a student? Which is your book? Who is your friend? Whose book is this? ||

VERB FORMS
I AM a student at ESPE. You ARE a student at ESPE. Paul IS a student at ESPE. __Negative:__ I AM NOT a student at ESPE. You ARE NOT a student at ESPE. Paul IS NOT a student at ESPE. __Interrogative:__ AM I a student at ESPE? ARE you a student at ESPE? IS Paul a student at ESPE? || I WAS a student at ESPE. You WERE a student at ESPE. Paul WAS a student at ESPE.
 * ==SIMPLE FORM == ||  ||   ||
 * [|PRESENT] || [|PAST] || FUTURE ||
 * ~ 1. TO BE ||~ Conversation ||~  ||
 * (AM, ARE, AM) || (WAS, WERE) || (WILL BE) ||
 * __Affirmative:__

I WAS NOT a student at ESPE. You WERE NOT a student at ESPE. Paul WAS NOT a student at ESPE.

WAS I a student at ESPE? WERE you a student at ESPE? WAS Paul a student at ESPE? || I WILL BE a student at ESPE. You WILL BE a student at ESPE. Paul WILL BE a student at ESPE.

I WILL NOT BE a student at ESPE. You WON'T BE a student at ESPE. Paul WON’T BE a student at ESPE.

WILL I BE a student at ESPE? WILL You BE a student at ESPE? WILL Paul BE a student at ESPE? || I study at ESPE. You go to ESPE. Paul studies at ESPE. __Negative:__ I do not study at ESPE. You do not go to ESPE. Paul does not study at ESPE. __Interrogative:__ Do I study at ESPE? Do you go to ESPE? Does Paul study at ESPE? || I studied at ESPE. You went to ESPE. Paul studied at ESPE.
 * ~ 2. ACTION([|Regular] – [|Irregular verbs]) ||~ [|Practice] ||~  ||
 * (DO, DOES) || (DID) || (WILL) ||
 * __Affirmative:__

I did not study at ESPE. You did not go to ESPE. Paul did not study at ESPE.

Did I study at ESPE. Did you go to ESPE. Did Paul study at ESPE. || I WILL study at ESPE. You WILL go to ESPE. Paul WILL study at ESPE.

I WILL not study at ESPE. You won't go to ESPE. Paul WILL not study at ESPE.

WILL I study at ESPE? WILL You go to ESPE? WILL Paul study at ESPE? || I AM STUDYING at ESPE. You ARE GOING to ESPE. Paul IS STUDYING at ESPE. __Negative:__ I AM NOT STUDYING at ESPE. You ARE NOT STUDYING at ESPE. Paul IS NOT STUDYING at ESPE. __Interrogative:__ AM I STUDYING at ESPE? ARE You STUDYING at ESPE? IS Paul STUDYING at ESPE? || I WAS STUDYING at ESPE. You WERE GOING to ESPE. Paul WAS STUDYING at ESPE.
 * ==PROGRESSIVE OR CONTINUES== ||  ||   ||
 * [|PRESENT] (AM, ARE, IS)+MV-ING || [|PAST] (WAS, WERE)+MV-ING || FUTURE (WILL BE)+MV-ING ||
 * __Affirmative:__
 * __Affirmative:__

I WAS NOT STUDYING at ESPE. You WERE NOT STUDYING at ESPE. Paul WAS NOT STUDYING at ESPE.

WAS I STUDYING at ESPE? WERE You STUDYING at ESPE? WAS Paul STUDYING at ESPE? || I WILL BE STUDYING at ESPE. You WILL BE GOING to ESPE. Paul WILL BE STUDYING at ESPE.

I WILL NOT BE STUDYING at ESPE. You WON'T BE STUDYING at ESPE. Paul WON’T BE STUDYING at ESPE.

WILL I BE STUDYING at ESPE? WILL You STUDYING at ESPE? WILL Paul STUDYING at ESPE? || I have studied at ESPE. You have gone to ESPE. Paul has studied at ESPE. __Negative:__ I have not studied at ESPE. You have not gone to ESPE. Paul has not studied at ESPE. __Interrogative:__ Have I studied at ESPE. Have you gone to ESPE. Has Paul studied at ESPE. || I had studied at ESPE. You had gone to ESPE. Paul had studied at ESPE.
 * **PERFECT:** ||  ||   ||
 * [|PRESENT](have/has + past participle) || [|PAST] (had + past participle) || FUTURE (will have + past participle) ||
 * __Affirmative:__

I had NOT studied at ESPE. You had NOT gone to ESPE. Paul had NOT studied at ESPE.

Had I studied at ESPE. Had you gone to ESPE. Had Paul studied at ESPE. || I WILL have studied at ESPE. You WILL have gone to ESPE. Paul WILL have studied at ESPE.

I WILL not have studied at ESPE. You won't have gone to ESPE. Paul WILL not have studied at ESPE.

WILL I have studied at ESPE? WILL You have gone to ESPE? WILL Paul have studied at ESPE? || I have been studying at ESPE. You have been studying at ESPE. Paul has been studying at ESPE. __Negative:__ I have not been studying at ESPE. You have not been studying at ESPE. Paul has not been studying at ESPE. __Interrogative:__ Have I been studying at ESPE. Have you been studying at ESPE. Has Paul been studying at ESPE. || I had been studying at ESPE. You had been studying at ESPE. Paul had been studying at ESPE.
 * **PERFECT PROGRESSIVE:** ||  ||   ||
 * [|PRESENT] (have/has + been + past participle) || PAST (had + been + past participle) || FUTURE (will have + been +past participle) ||
 * __Affirmative:__

I had NOT been studying at ESPE. You had NOT been studying at ESPE. Paul had NOT been studying at ESPE.

Had I been studying at ESPE. Had you been studying ESPE. Had Paul been studying at ESPE. || I WILL have been studying at ESPE. You WILL have been studying at ESPE. Paul WILL have been studying at ESPE.

I WILL not have been studying at ESPE. You won't have been studying at ESPE. Paul won’t have been studying at ESPE.

WILL I have been studying at ESPE? WILL You have been studying at ESPE? WILL Paul have been studying at ESPE? || PRESENT || PAST || FUTURE ||
 * ==PASSIVE VOICE== ||  ||   ||
 * ==SIMPLE FORM==
 * Ali reads the book(s)

The book is read by Susan. The books are read by Susan.

PROGRESSIVE
Ali is reading the book(s)

The book is being read by Ali. The books are being read by Ali.

PERFECT
Ali has read the book(s) The book has been read by Ali. The books have been read by Ali. || Ali read the book(s)

the book was read by Susan. the books were read by Susan.

Ali was reading the book(s)

The book was being read by Ali. The books were being read by Ali.

Ali had read the book(s) The book had been read by Ali. The books had been read by Ali. || Ali will read the book(s)

the book will be read by Susan. the books will be read by Susan.

Ali will be reading the book(s)

The book will be being read by Ali. The books will be being read by Ali.

Ali will have read the book(s) The book will have been read by Ali. The books will have been read by Ali. ||

MODALS
Present / Future Past Meaning Examples CAN COULD mental, physical ability I can speak English. MAY MIGHT permission May I help you? SHALL SHOULD suggestion You should study English. MUST HAD obligation You must be on time at work.

Can, be able Should, ought to, had better, be supposed to.

Will I will be a student tomorrow. Be going to I am going to be a student tomorrow. Present I am a student tomorrow. Present Progressive I am being a student tomorrow.
 * FUTURE**


 * COMPARISONS WITH ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS**

One-Syllable Adjectives
 * || Positive Adjective and adverb || Comparative || Superlative ||
 * Add one –er and –est to:

Adjectives and Adverbs that have the same form || Nice Young Early Fast Hard Late || Nicer Younger Earlier Faster Harder later || The Nicest The Youngest The Earliest The Fastest The Hardest The latest || Most Two-Syllable Adjectives || Clever
 * Add –er and –est or use more, less, the most, the least with:

Funny

Shallow

Simple || Cleverer More clever Funnier More funny Shallower More shallow Simpler More simple || The Cleverest The most clever The Funniest The most funny The Shallowest The most shallow The simplest The most simple || Two-Syllable Adjectives that end in –ed, -ful, -ing, -ish, -ous, -st, and –x
 * Use more, less, the most, the least with:

Longer Adjectives and most –ly adverbs || Worried Harmful Caring Selfish Joyous Robust Complex Difficult Quickly Slowly || More worried More Harmful More Caring More Selfish More Joyous More Robust More Complex More Difficult More Quickly More Slowly || The most Worried The most Harmful The most Caring The most Selfish The most Joyous The most Robust The most Complex The most Difficult The most Quickly The most slowly || Good Well Far
 * Irregular Adjectives and Adverbs ||
 * Adjective || Adverb || Comparative || Superlative ||
 * Bad

Little Many much || Badly - well far

little - much || Worse Better Better Farther Further Less More More || (the) Worst (the) Best (the) Best (the) Farthest (distance) (the) Furthest (the) Least (the) Most (the) Most ||

Example: Susan is young**__er__** **__than__** Mary. Susan is **the** young**est** **of** her family. Susan is **__more__** worried **__than__** Mary. Susan is **the** **most** worried **of** her family.

Count count/mass mass Example
Many much I have many books. I have much money. Few little I have few books. I have little money. A few a little I have a few books. I have a little money. A lot, Lot of, great deal I have lot of money Some + ? Any - ? No +

Something someone somewhere Anything anyone anywhere Nothing no one no where

If clause main clause
1. Present to present or future If I __have__ money, I __buy__ a car. (I __will buy__ a car) If Mary has money, She buys a car. (She will buy a car)

2. Past to present unreal If I __had__ money, I __would / could / might buy__ a car. If Mary had money, She would / could / might buy a car.

3. Past perfect to past unreal If I __had gotten__ money, I __would / could / might have bought__ a car. If Mary had gotten money, She would/could/might have bought a car.

1. As a subject __Reading__ is very important
 * GERUNDS** – verb (start, enjoy, mind, finish, like) + ing

2. As a verb object I __enjoy reading__.

3. As a preposition object I am very well __for reading__.

4. Expressions Be used to Be accustomed to reading Be looking for Interested in Insist on

IMPERSONAL IT
It is cold, hot, windy,

Near Far Example
Singular This that this is a book. Plural These those these are books.

IMPERSONAL WHO, THAT, WHICH
Who people The man who / that is on red cap is my friend. Which things The red car which / that is in the parking lot is mime. That people and things

ADVERBS OF TIME
Seldom, now and then, occasionally (-) Sometimes Often Usually Always (+)

PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
In closed. My book is in the classroom. At specific. I study at ESPE. On contact. My book is on the table.


 * TAQ QUESTIONS** (short questions with affirmative or negatives sentences)

Mary __is not__ sad, __is she__? __Mary studies__ English, __doesn’t she__? __People like__ reading, don’t they? __People don’t__ like violence, __do they__? __Mary has studied__ English, __hasn’t she__? __People have driven__ a lot, __haven’t they__? __People have__ not driven a new car, __have they__? __Mary can__ speak English, __can’t she__? __People can not__ be violent, __can they__?
 * __I am__** a student**, __aren’t I__**?

It is to tell what other person told/said to somebody
 * INDIRECT SPEECH.**

1. Sentences (that – optional) He said to me (**that**) **he had** money.
 * Connectors:**
 * I** **have** money (direct speech)

2. Imperative (to infinitive) He told me **to bring** the money
 * Bring** the money please

3. Interrogative.

a. Yes/no (if sentence) He asked me **if I had** money.
 * Do you have** money?

b. Wh…(wh…sentence) Where do you have money? He asked me where I had money.


 * Tenses:**
 * From || To ||
 * Present || past ||
 * Past || past perfect ||
 * Present progressive || past continues ||
 * Past progressive || past perfect progressive ||
 * Present perfect || past perfect ||
 * Past perfect || past perfect ||
 * Will || would ||
 * Shall || should ||
 * Can || could ||
 * May || might ||
 * Must || had to ||